2-Lower alkoxy-N-substituted-morphinan derivatives

ABSTRACT

Novel 2-lower alhoxy morphinan derivatives which may bear a variety of N-substituents, are disclosed. These morphinans are useful as analgesic agents and are also useful as antagonists of certain strong analgesics such as morphine.

United States Patent Mohacsi et al.

[451 Oct. 21, 1975 Z-LOWER ALKOXY-N-SUBSTITUTED-MORPHINAN DERIVATIVES Inventors: Ernest Mohacsi, Nutley; Willy Leimgruber, Montclair, both of NJ.

Assignee: Hoffman-La Roche Inc., Nutley,

Filed: Feb. 26, 1974 Appl. No.: 446,089

Related U.S. Application Data Division of Ser. No. 299,478, Oct. 20, 1972, Pat. No. 3,810,899, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 233,715, March 10, 1972, abandoned.

U.S. Cl. 260/285 Int. Cl. C07D 221/28; A61K 31/485 Field of Search 260/285, 260

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 10/1950 Schidner et a1 260/285 2,524,856 10/1950 Schidner et a1 260/285 2,885,401 5/1959 Griissner et al 260/285 3,285,922 11/1966 Gates 260/285 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 764,632 12/1956 United Kingdom 260/285 Primary Examiner-Paul M. Coughlan, Jr.

Assistant Examiner-Diana G. Rivers Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Samuel L. Welt; Bernard S. Leon; Frank P. Hoffman [57] ABSTRACT 4 Claims, N0 Drawings Z-LOWER ALKOXY-N-SUBSTITUTED-MORPHINAN DERIVATIVES RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a divisional of co-pending application Ser. No. 299,478 filed Oct. 20, 1972, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,810,899 which in turn is a continuation-inpart application of Ser. No. 233,715 filed Mar. 10, 1972 and now abandoned.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to novel 2- and 4- hydroxy morphinans. More particularly, this invention covers 2- and 4-hydroxy morphinan derivatives which may bear a variety of N-substituents. The invention further comprehends processes for making these novel morphinans and novel intermediates employed in these processes.

More specifically, the compounds of the present invention are selected from the group consisting of compounds of the formula III 'metlyl being preferred. The term lower alkenyl" includes straight and branched chain hydrocarbon groups containing from 2-7 carbon atoms, wherein at least one carbon to carbon bond is unsaturated, such as allyl, butenyl, di-methyl allyl and the like. The term lower alkynyl refers to groups such as propargyl and the like. The term cycloalkyl refers to cyclic hydro carbon groups containing from 3-7 carbon atoms such as cyclop ropyl,'cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and the like with cyclopropyl being preferred. The term lower alkoxy refers to both straight and branched chain alkoxy radicals containing from I to 7 carbon atoms such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy and the like, with -methoxy being preferred. The term acyloxy includes both lower alkanoyloxy and aroyloxy groups. The term lower alkanoyloxy" refers to both straight and branched chain aliphatic carboxylic acid moieties containing from 2 to 7'carbon atoms such as acetoxy, propionyloxy, butyryloxy and the like, with acetoxy being preferred, The term arolyoxy refers to aromatic carboxylic acid moieties such as benzoyloxy and the like. The term aryl denotes the organic radical derived by the removal of a hydrogen atom from an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as, for example, phenyl or phenyl substituted by halogen, nitro, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy.

The compounds of formulae I and II above can be prepared following a variety of procedures:

A. In one process aspect of the present invention, the compounds of formula I above in which R signifies lower alkoxyand R signifies hydrogen, i.e. compounds of the formula lower alkoxy are prepared via a series of steps, the key step involv ing the acid catalyzed cyclization of a l-(malkoxybenzyl)- l ,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroisoquinoline substituted in the 2-position, i.e. on the nitrogen, with an electron withdrawing group followed by the base catalyzed hydrolysis of the electron withdrawing group. A detailed description of this preparative approach to morphinan derivatives is found in the Leimgruber, Mohacsi US. Pat. No. 3,634,429 issued Jan. 11, 1972.

In the first step of this process aspect, cyclohexen( l yl-ethylamine (III) is condensed with malkoxyphenylacetic acid (IV) to yield N-2-( l-cyclohexen-lyl)ethyl-m-alkoxyphenylacetamide (V). This reaction can be depicted as follows:

COOH

lower alkoxy The condensation of the compounds of formulae Ill and IV is preferably effected in the presence of an inert organic solvent such as toluene or xylene and at the reflux temperature of the reaction medium with continuous removal of the water being formed.

The so-obtained compound of formula V is then cyclized, employing a Bischler-Napieralski type cyclization with phosphorus oxychloride to yield a compound of the formula:

lower alkoxy This cyclization to the compound of formula VI is expediently effected in the presence of an inert organic solvent such as toluene or xylene at elevated temperatures.

The compound of formula VI is then reduced, for example with sodium borohydride, to yield the corresponding octahydroisoquinoline of the formula The electron withdrawing group is then introduced into the 2-position of the l-(m-alkoxybenzyl)- octahydroisoquinoline molecule. The electron with drawing groups drastically reduce the basicity of the nitrogen atom. Representative of such groups suitable for the purposes of the present process are formyl, ace- VII ower alkoxy tyl, benzoyl and sulfonyl, with formyl being the most preferred. The 'method of introducing the electron withdrawing group into the compound of formula VII varies with the nature of the group but is usually achieved following conventional procedures. Thus, for example, a formyl group can be introduced by reacting the formula VII compound with methyl formate or with chloral; an acetyl group can be attached by acetylation with acetic anhydride in pyridine. The formula VI] compound can be ethoxy carboxylated with ethyl chloroformate, or benzoylated with benzoyl chloride. In a preferred aspect, the compound of formula VII is formylated with methyl formate in the presence of a catalytic amount of sodium methoxide to yield a compound of the formula 2 VIII lower alkoxy The 1-( m-alkoxybenzyl )-octahydroisoquinoline bearing an electron withdrawing group in the 2- position, as represented by the compound of formula VIII, is then cyclized using acid catalysis to yield a mixture of the 2- and 4-alkoxymorphinans, each of which bears the electron withdrawing group on the nitrogen atom.

The acids which can be employed to catalyze this cyclization are preferably phoshporic acid or polyphosphoric acid (PPA), either singly or in admixture with sulfuric acid. These acids can be used in the presence of solvents but they need not be. The concentration of the acid used is not critical, but for convenience commercially available concentrated acids are used.

The 2-alkoxymorphinan bearing an electron withdrawing group on the nitrogen atom, which is the major reaction product obtained upon cyclization of the l- (m-alkoxybenzyl)-octahydroisoquinoline having an electron withdrawing group in the 2position, is then isolated from the mixture by conventional separation techniques, such as column chromatography, countercurrent distribution, liquid-liquid extraction and fractional crystallization, with fractional crystallization being the preferred technique. It should be noted that if the l-(m-alkoxybenzyl)-octahydroisoquinoline is resolved into its optically active antipodes prior to cyclization, as will be discussed in detail hereinafter, cyclization yields a mixture of the appropriate antipodes of the 2- and 4-alkoxy morphinans bearing the electron withdrawing group on the nitrogen. Separation of the 2- and 4-substituted antipodes is then expediently effected by first removing the electron withdrawing group to yield the corresponding NH compounds as described hereafter. Then the 2-alkoxy antipode is isolated by first preparing a suitable salt, preferably the phosphate salt and then separating the salts by fractional crystallization.

When the preferred formyl group is used as the electron withdrawing group, the above discussed separation yields the 2-alkoxy-N-formylmorphinan of the formula lower alkoxy NCI'IO The electron withdrawing group present on the nitrogen can then be removed using conventional techniques, for example, acid or base hydrolysis. When the preferred formyl group is used, base hydrolysis is preferable, employing alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide. Removal of the electron withdrawing group yields the 2- alkoxymorphinan of formula Ia above.

The N-formyl intermediate of formula IX above is novel and as such is a part of the present invention.

In another process aspect, the N-formyl compound of formula IX can be reduced, for instance with lithium aluminum hydride, to yield the corresponding 2-alkoxy-N-methylmorphinan. Alternatively, this N- methyl derivative can be prepared by the reductive methylation of the compound of formula Ia above employing aqueous formaldehyde and hydrogen in the presence of Raney nickel.

It should also be noted that, if desired, the malkoxybenzyloctahydroisoquinoline can be converted to the m-hydroxybenzyloctahydroisoquinoline which after formylation followed by cyclization gives a mixture of 2- and 4-hydroxy-N-formylmorphinan.

B. In another process aspect of the present invention, the compounds of formula I wherein R, signifies hydroxy can be prepared by treating the corresponding compound wherein R is lower alkoxy with an ether cleaving reagent. The ether cleavage can 'be effected using aqueous acids such as hydrobromic acid or hydroiodic acid, Lewis acids such as boron tribromide, or pyridine hydrochloride, with pyridine hydrochloride being preferred.

lower alkoxy C. In still another process aspect, the compounds of formula I above wherein R, signifies acyloxy can be prepared by the acylation of the corresponding compound wherein R, signifies hydroxy. If R in the acylated product is to be other than hydrogen, it is preferable to first prepare the desired N-substituted derivative and then to acylate this derivative by using one molar equivalent or a slight excess over this of the acylating agent, in order to avoid unwanted by-products whose formation can be initiated by acylation of the nitrogen atom. Acylation can be accomplished following conventional techniques; as, for example, by treating the 2-hydroxy-N-substituted-morphinan with an acylating agent such as an acid anhydride, e.g. acetic anhydride, or an acid halide, e.g. acetyl chloride.

D. In a further process aspect of the present invention, the N- substituted morphinans of formula I above are prepared from the corresponding compounds wherein R is hydrogen following conventional techniques. Thus, for example, the N-unsubstituted compound can be reacted with an alkylating agent to intro duce the R substituentv Suitable alkylating agents for this purpose include alkyl halides such as, methyl iodide, ethyl bromide, cyclopropylmethyl chloride, and the like and alkenyl halides such as allyl bromide. This alkylation reaction is preferably effected in the presence of an inert organic solvent, such as dimethylformamide.

Alternatively, the N-substituent can be introduced by acylation of the -NH compound followed byreduction of the amide to the desired R group. The acylation can be 'effected using conventional procedures, employing as the acylating agent acid anhydrides, such as acetic anhydride, isobutyric anhydride, propionic anhydride or acid halides, such as acetyl chloride, nvaleryl chloride, propionyl chloride, cyclopropane carboxylic'acid chloride, cyclohexane carbonyl chloride, phenylacetyl chloride and the like. The acylation reaction can be effected in the presence of an inert organic solvent, such as benzene, methylene chloride, and the like and at room temperature or elevated temperatures.

The N-acylated morphinan is then reduced, for example, by treatment with lithium aluminum hydride, diisobutylaluminum hydride or sodium bis(2- methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride, to yield the desired N-substituted compound of formula I. Introduction of the N-substituent by this method can be depicted by the following Reaction Scheme A, in which preferred groups are shown.

R COCl lower alkoxy lower alkoxy In the above reaction scheme, R is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, aryl, aryl-lower alkyl, lower alkenyl or lower alkynyl.

If it is desired to prepare N-substituted morphinans of formula I where R is hydroxy via the acylationreduction technique depicted in Reaction Scheme A,

the N-substituent should be introduced first into the 2- alkoxymorphinan and the alkoxy group then converted to the hydroxy group by the ether cleavage procedure discussed in process aspect (B) above. If it is desired to prepare N-substituted-morphinans of formula I in which R is an acyloxy group by this procedure, the N-,

substituent should be introduced before acylation of the 2-hydroxy group.

The intermediates of formula X in Reaction Scheme A are novel and as such form a part of the instant invention.

E. In a further process aspect, the compounds of formula II are prepared from the mother liquor remaining after the isolation of the 2-alkoxyor 2- hydroxymorphinan as described in process aspect (A) 7 above. The remaining mother li'quir contains a mixture of the 2- and 4-substituted-morphinans. Separation of the 4-substituted compound is shown in the following Reaction Scheme B, in which the preferred groups and reagents are depicted.

REACTI ON SCHEME B (a) NaOH (b) 1) cn o 2) Ra-Ni/H NCII3 (c) f 4 \COOH MCI-I3 (d) i H coon H NCH3 on i) As shown in step (a), the mixture of the 2- and 4- substituted morphinans is hydrolyzed, preferably with methanolic sodium hydroxide, to remove the electron withdrawing group, the preferred formyl group being shown here. In step (b), the NH compound is reductively methylated by treatment with formaldehyde followed by Raney-nickel/hydrogen reduction. The N- methylmorphinansare prepared since they form crystalline salts more readily than the N-unsubstituted morphinans; however, it is possible to proceed directly from step (a) to step (c).

In step (c), the N-methylmorphinans are treated with an acid that will yield ,.a crystalline acid addition salt, preferably salicylic acid. In step (d) the 2- and 4- substituted isomers can be separated in the form of their salts, preferably their salicylates, by conventional separation techniques, with fractional crystallization being preferred.

Preparation of the 4-hydroxymorphinans can be effected following the same procedure as described above in process aspect (B) for the 2-hydroxy derivatives. Furthermore, the 4-acyloxy compounds can be prepared following the same general procedures as set forth in process aspect (C) above.

The N-substituted compounds of formula II can be: prepared from the -NH compoundsby employing the same techniques as outlined in the process aspect D above. Alternatively, these compounds can be prepared by reacting the N-methyl derivative with the appropriate acid halide, preferably chloride, and then reducing the resulting amide, for example, with lithium aluminum hydride, to obtain the desired N-substitutedmorphinan of formula II. Thus, for example, the N- duced with LAH to obtain the N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan of formula II above. I

As is obvious from the structure of the compounds of formulae I and II above, these compounds can exist in racemic form or as their optical antipodes. In the event an optical antipode rather than the racemate is the desired end product, some of the intermediates or the final products can be resolved by means well known in the art, for example, by formation of diastereomeric salts. This can be accomplished by reactingthe racemic mixture of either an intermediate or the end product with an optically active acid. Suitable acids for this purpose include tartaric acid, camphorsulfonic acid, di-(ptoluoyl)-tartaric acid, (-)-di-O-isopropylidene-2-keto- L-gulonic acid [(--)-DAG] and the like. The reaction between the racemic mixture and the optically active acid is preferably effected in the presence of a lower alkanol such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and the' like with ethanol being preferred. The two diastereomeric salts thus obtained can then be separated because of their differing physical characteristics, i.e., solubility, crystal formation, etc. This separation is effected following standard techniques, for example, fractional crystallization, distillation, and the like, with fractional crystallization being preferred. After separation, the individual diastereomeric salts can be converted to the free optically active base by treatment with base. Suitable bases for this purpose include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the like, alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide, with ammonium hydroxide being preferred. It is advantageous to resolve the required starting materials, particularly the l-(m-alkoxybenzyl)-l,2,3,4,5,6,7.8- octahydroisoquinolines, at the outset into the dextroor levo-rotatory forms, depending upon the desired absolute configuration of the end product.

The compounds of formula I and II above form pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts with inorganic acids. Thus, the compounds of the present invention form pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid and phsophoric acid; and with organic acids such as tartaric acid, citric acid, camphorsulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, salicyclic acid, ascorbic acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, formic acid, acetic acid and the like.

Preferred among the compounds of formulae l and II above are those wherein R, signifies hydroxy. In the cases where R, denotes lower alkoxy, methoxy is preferred; and when R, signifies acyloxy, acetoxy is preferred. When the R substituent is'cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, cyclopropylmethyl is preferred; when R is lower alkyl, methyl is preferred; and when R is lower alkenyl, allyl and dimethyl allyl are preferred.

One preferred class of compounds falling within the scope of formulae I and II above are those wherein R, signifies acyloxy, i.e., compounds of the formula acyloxy and or the formula acyloxy wherein R is as described above.

Another preferred class of compounds falling within the scope of formulae I and II above are those wherein R, signifies hydroxy, i.e., compounds of the formula l l l III and of the formula wherein R signifies hydrogen, loweralkyl containing from 3 to 7 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl-lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, or aryl-lower alkyl; and R is as described above.

Also preferred of the compounds within the scope of formulae I and II above are those wherein R, signifies lower alkoxy, preferably methoxy, i.e., compounds of formula H lower alkoxy I I NR H II i I and of the formula I NR lower alkoxy III I I wherein R and R are as described above.

The most preferred of the compounds of formulae I and Il above are:

(i)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan (i)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (+)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ()-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (+)-4-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (-)-4-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (+)-2-acetoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (-)-2-acetoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (:)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (+)-4-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ()-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan ()-4-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan (+)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (-)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (i)-Z-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan (+)-2-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan ()-2hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan (t)'-2-hydroxy-N-( 3 ,3-dimethylallyl )morphinan (+)-2-hydroxy-N-dimethylallylmorphinan (-)-2-hydroxy-N-dimethylallylmorphinan )-4-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (i)-4-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan.

The compounds of formulae I and II above, in racemic form or as the dextro-rotatory or levo-rotatory antipodes, and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of these racemates or optically active antipodes are useful as analgesic agents and are also useful as antagonists of certain strong analgesic agents such as morphine. Their pharmaceutically useful activities are demonstrated in warm-blooded animals using standard procedures.

The analgesic activity of the compounds of formulae I and II above is demonstrated in the standard phenylquinone writhing test (Sigmund et al., Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 95: 729, 1957). This test is used to measure the analgesic effects of compounds in mice exposed to intra-abdominally induced chemical pain. Five male CF -1 mice, weighing 20-22 gms. were used per dose level. The ED was the dose which reduced the total number of writhes by 50%. When the following representative compounds of the present invention are utilized as the test substances, analgesic activity is observed as shown for the following ED levels:

()-2-hydroxy-Ncyclopropylmethylmorphinan ED 0.7-1.8l mg/kg (s.c.)

(i)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ED 1.7 mg/kg (s.c.) (+)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ED 13.0 mg/kg (s.c.) (i)-2-hydroxy-N-(3,3-dimethylallyl)morphinan ED 35 mg/kg (s.c.) (+)-2-hydroxy-N-dimethylallylmorphinan ED 12.2 mg/kg (s.c.) ()-2-hydroxy-Ndimethylallylmorphinan ED 26 mg/kg (s.c.) ()-2-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan ED 20 mg/kg (s.c.) (+)-4-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ED 5.4 mg/kg (s.c.) ()-4-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ED 2.6 mg/kg (s.c.)

Representative compounds of formulae I and 11 above effectively counteract morphine analgesia. This activity can be demonstrated in the mice tail flick test for morphine antagonism. This test is used to measure narcotic antagonism. Compounds are given subcutaneously ten minutes prior to morphine sulfate. The percent elevation in reaction time was determined during each test for mg/kg s.c. of morphine sulfate and actual percent increase was used in calculating the percent antagonism of morphine analgesia. Morphine, 10 mg/kg s.c., typically produced a 74% elevation in reaction time 30 minutes after s.c. administered when given alone. The percent antagonism was calculated accord ing to the formula of Harris and Pierson, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 143: 141, 1964. When the following representative compounds of the present invention are utilized as the test substance, morphine antagonism activity is observed as shown by the following ED levels:

(i)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ED 8 mg/kg (s.c.) (+)-2'hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ED 8 mg/kg (s.c.) I (--)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ED 7.5 mg/kg (s.c.) (i)-2-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan mg/kg (s.c.) ()-2-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan ED 5 mg/kg (s.c.) (-l)-4-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ED 5.2 mg/kg (s.c.) (-)-4-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ED 16.0 mg/kg (s.c.)

The compounds of formulae 1 and 11, their enantiomers and salts as herein described can be incorporated into standard pharmaceutical dosage forms, for example, they are useful for oral or parenteral application with the usual pharmaceutical adjuvant material, for example, organic or inorganic inert carrier materials such as water, gelatin, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, talc, vegetable oils, gums, polyalkyleneglycols and the like. The pharmaceutical preparations can be employed in a solid form, for example, as tablets, troches, suppositories, capsules, or in liquid for, for example, as solutions, suspensions or emulsions. Pharmaceutical adjuvant materials can be added and include preservatives, stabilizers, wetting or emulsifying agents, salts to change the osmotic pressure or to act as buffers. The pharmaceutical preparations can also contain other therapeutically active substances.

The following examples further illustrate the invention. All temperatures are in degrees Centrigrade unless specified otherwise.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of N-2-(1-cyclohexen-l-yl)ethyl-mmethoxyphenylacetamide A mixture of 75.0 g. (0.60 mol.) of cyclohexen( 1 )-ylethylamine and 100.0 g. (0.60 mol) of 3-methoxyphenylacetic acid in 500 ml. of xylene was heated at reflux for 7 hr. with removal of the water by means of a Dean-Stark apparatus. After evaporation of the solvent, 200 ml. of hexane was added to the residue and the product was allowed to crystallize at room tempe rature. The crude amide was separated by filtration, and recrystallization from cyclohexane afforded pure N-2- (1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethyl-m-methoxyphenylacetamide, m.p. 5759.

EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of (1L)-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)-1,2,3,4,5 ,6,7,8 octahydroisoquinoline A mixture of 60.0 g. (0.22 mol) of N-2-(1- cyclohexen-1-y1)-ethyl-m-methoxyphenylacetamide, ml. of POC1 and 500 ml. of dry toluene was heated at 100 for 0.5 hr. under nitrogen. After evaporation of the solvent and excess reagent, the residue was triturated with petroleum ether (2 X ml.). The petroleum ether insoluble material was dissolved in methylene chloride (600 ml.) and the solution washed successively with dilute aqueous ammonium hydroxide (600 ml.) and water (200 ml.). After drying, the solvent was removed in vacuo to give the crude hexahydroisoquinoline which was dissolved in methanol (500 ml.) and immediately reduced by portionwise addition of 25.0 g. (0.66 mol) of sodium borohydride over 2.5 hours with stirring at 20-30. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The methanol was distilledoff and the residue was partitioned between ether (500 ml.) and dilute aqueous ammonium hydroxide. The ethereal solution was washed with water, dried and evaporated to give crude (:)-1-(mmethoxybenzyl)l,2,3,4,5,6,7,8- octahydroisoquinoline, b.p. l60-164/0.3 mm.

A solution of (i)-1-(m-methoxybenzyl)- l,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroisoquinoline, 196.0 g. (0.76 mol), in ethyl acetate (600 ml.) was saturated with dry hydrogen bromide and the hydrobromide allowed to crystallize at room temperature, the crystals were filtered and dried. The crude product was recrystallized from isopropanol to give pure (:)-1-(mmethoxybenzyl)-l ,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroisoquinoline hydrobromide, m.p. 181l83.

pound was recrystallized from ethanol, m.p. 172173.

EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of (1')-1-(m-methoxybenzyl)-N-formyl-l,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-

octahydroisoquinoline v (i)-l-(m-Methoxybenzyl)-l,2,3,4,5,6,7,8- actahydroisoquinoline hydrobromide, 200.0 g. (0.59 mol), was suspended in dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide and the suspension was extracted several times with methylene chloride (1 1.). The combined methylene :hloride extracts were dried and the solvent was removed in vacuo to give the crude (i)-1-(m methoxybenzyl)-N-formyl-l ,2,3,4,5,6,7,8- Jctahydroisoquinoline. It was dissolved in a mixture of 325 ml. of methyl formate and 1.04 g. of sodium methaxide and the solution heated at reflux overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in ether (500 ml.) and washed successively with 1N hydrochloric acid [400 ml.) and water (100 ml.). The ethereal solution was dried and evaporated to give crude (i)-l-(mmethoxybenzyl)-N-formyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8- ctahydroisoquinoline. A sample of this compound was distilled, b.p. 187-l90/0.2 mm. and crystallized, m.p.

Preparation of (i)-2-and (:)-4-methoxy-N-formylmorphinan (i)-1-(m-Methoxybenzyl)-N-formyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8- octahydroisoquinoline, 150.0 g. (0.52 mol), was combined under stirring with 1125 g of phosphoric acid which had been mixed with 22.5 g. of cone. sulfuric acid and the mixture was heated in a nitrogen atmosphere to 70. The resulting homogeneous solution was kept at 70 for 38 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled in an ice bath and 4 l. of ice-water was added. The resulting suspension was extracted several times with ethyl acetate (a total of 4 l. the combined organic phases were washed with water and dried. Filtration and concentration gave crude (i-)-2- and (:)-4- methoxy-N-formylmorphinan, b.p. l952l0/0.1 mm.

EXAMPLE 5 Separation of (i)-2-methoxy-Nformylmorphinan The cyclization product, 110.0 g. (0.38 mol), consisting of (i)-2- and (i)-4-methoxy-N-formylmorphinan was dissolved in 2 l. of ether and a small quantity of insoluble material was removed by filtration. The ethereal solution was concentrated to a volume of about 400 ml. at atmospheric pressure under a constant stream of nitrogen. The resulting solution was seeded with (i)-2-methoxy-N-formylmorphinan and allowed to crystallize at 0 for hours. The crystals were filtered, washed with cold ether and dried to give crude (i)-2-methoxy-Nformylmorphinan, m.p. l122. The crude product was recrystallized from ether to give pure (i)-2-methoxy-N-formylmorphinan, m.p. 123-125.

EXAMPLE 6 Preparation of (i)-2 methoxymorphinan (i)-2-Methoxy-N-formylmorphinan, 38.7 g. (0.13 mol), was dissolved in 900 ml. of methanol and 350 ml. of 2.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide was added. After heating at reflux for 41 hours, the methanol was removed under reduced pressure and the resulting aqueous suspension was extracted with ether (3 X 330 ml.). The combined etheral extracts were washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent in vacuo yielded crude (i') -2-methoxymorphinan, b.p. 130l40/0.07

(:)-2-Methoxymorphinan, 1.0 g. (0.004 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in 3 ml. of ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride,

' which after recrystallization from acetone gave pure (:)-2-methoxymorphinan hydrochloride,

To a suspension of 1.5 g. of lithium aluminum hydride in 200 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, 20.0 g. (0.07 mol) of (i)-2-methoxy-N-formylmorphinan in 100 ml'. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise. After the mixture had been refluxed for 3 hours under nitrogen, it was cooled to room temperature and ethyl acetate followed by water were added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried, filtered and the filtrate concentrated. in vacuo to give' crude (i)-2- methoxy-N-methylmorphinan. A sample of this compound was distilled, b.p. 185205/0.025 mm., then crystallizedfrom petroleum ether, m.p. 77.

I EXAMPLE 8 Pre'paration of (i)-2-methoxy-N-methylrnorphinan (:)-2 -Methoxymorphinan,10.8 g. 0.042 mol), was dissolved in 250 ml. of methanol and added to 9 ml. of aqueous formaldehyde (37%). The solution was allowed to stand at room temperature overnight. After addition .of 8.0 g. of Raney nickel and 250 ml. of methanol, the mixture was hydrogenated at room temperature for 20 hours. The catalyst was removed by filtration and washed with methanol. The solvent was evaporated, in "vacuo giving crude (i-)-2-methoxy-N- methylmorphinan. The above base in 75 ml. of ethyl acetate was treated with a saturated solution of hydrogen chloride and kept at 0 for 1 hour. The product was separated by filtration to give the crude hydrochloride, m.p. 246 (dec.). Recrystallization from acetonitrile gave pure (i)-2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 255-256.

EXAMPLE 9 Preparation of (i)-2-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan A. (i)-2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan, 4.0 g. (0.014 mol) in 50 ml. of 48% HBr was refluxed for 15 hours. The cooled solution was made basic with cone. ammonium hydroxide. The precipitate was filtered, and re crystallized from benzene-hexane to give (i)-2- hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan, m.p. 9193.

B. A mixture of 10.0 g. (0.036 mol) of (i)-2 methoxy-N-methylmorphinan and g. of pyridine .hydr ochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled in an ice bath, and diluted with 100 ml. of water; Themixture was made basic with cone. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (900 ml.). The chloroform layer was washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (:)-2-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan. This compound was treated with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate and was taken to dryness. The crude hydrochloride was dissolved in hot ethanol and allowed to crystallize at 20. The product was separated by filtration to give (i)-2-hydroxy-N- methylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 284. (dec.). A sample of this compound was recrystallized from ethanol, m.p. 287288.

EXAMPLE Preparation of (i)-2-acetoxy-N-methylmorphinan A mixture of 4.74 g. (0.018 mol) of (:)-2-hydroxy- N-methylmorphinan and 20 g. of acetic anhydride was heated at reflux for 3 hours. The excess reagent was removed in vacuo and the residue partitioned between 300 ml. of ether and 100 ml. of 2N potassium hydroxide. The ether layer was washed with 50 ml. of water, dried and concentrated to give crude (i)-2 acetoxy-N- methylmorphinan, b.p. 157-168/0.75 mm.

(i)-2-acetoxy-N-methylmorphinan, 4.8 g. (0.016 mol) in 30 m1. of acetone, on treatment with a solution of 1.5 g. of oxalic acic in 30 ml. of acetone, gave (:)-2- acetoxy-N-methylmorphinan oxalate hydrate, m.p. 9698. A sample of this compound was recrystallized from acetone, m.p. 101l03.

EXAMPLE 11 Preparation of (i)-2-hydroxymorphinan A mixture of 2.0 g. (7.7 mmol) of (i)-2- methoxymorphinan and 20 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 15 minutes, cooled in an ice bath and diluted with 50 ml. of water. The mixture was made basic with cone. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (400 ml.). The extract was washed with ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave the crude phenol, m.p. 265 (dec.). Recrystallization from methanol gave pure (i)-2hydroxymorphinan, m.p. 275 (dec.).

EXAMPLE 12 Preparation of (i)-2-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan A mixture of 6.5 g. (0.027 mol) of (:)-2- hydroxymorphinan, 3.9 g. of allylbromide, 4.6 g. of sodium bicarbonate and 65 ml. of dimethylformamide was stirred and refluxed under nitrogen for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filter cake washed with ethanol. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the product was dissolved in 200 ml. of ether and filtered from a small amount of insoluble material. The ether solution was extracted with ml. of hydrochloric acid in 120 ml. of water. Addition of conc. ammonium hydroxide to the aqueous phase precipitated the crude product which was separated by filtration. This was dissolved in chloroform and dried. Removal of the solvent in vacuo gave (i)-2-hydroxy-N- allylmorphinan, which when recrystallized from acetonitrile, had a melting point of 172174.

(i)-2-Hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan, 7.2 g. (0.025 mol), on treatment .with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate afforded (:)-2-hydroxy-N- allylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 270271.

EXAMPLE 13 Preparation of (i)-2-hydroxy-N-( 3,3dimethylallyl )morphinan A mixture of 500 ml. (2.0 mmol) of (i)-2- hydroxymorphinan, 370 mg. of anhydrous powdered potassium carbonate, 330 mg. of dimethylallyl bromide, and 7 ml. of dimethylformamide was heated at 120 with stirring under nitrogen for 5 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled and poured into 10 ml. of water. The aqueous mixture was extracted into 100 ml. of ethyl acetate and the ethyl acetate layer was washed with water. After drying the solvent was removed in vacuo to give the crude product. Recrystallization from ethanol-water (4:l) gave pure (i)-2-hydroxy-N-(3,3- dimethylallyl)morphinan, m.p. 175-177.

A sample of 163 mg. (0.53 mmol.) of (i)-2-hydroxy- N-(3,3-dimethylallyl) morphinan, on treatment with a saturated solution of hydrogen bromide in ethyl acetate afforded (i)-2-hydroxy-N-(3,3dimethylallyl)m0rphinan hydrobromide which, after crystallization from water, melted at 234-236 (dec.).

A sample of 21.35 g. (0.067 mol.) of (i)-2-hydroxy- N-(3,3-dimethylally1) morphinan on treatment with a saturated solution of hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate afforded crude hydrochloride Recrystallization from ethanol-hexane gave (:)-2-hydroxy-N- (3,3-dimethylallyl)morphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 238240 (dec.).

EXAMPLE 14 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-acetylmorphinan A mixture of 10.0 g. (0.039 mol) of (i)2- methoxymorphinan and 7.5 g. of acetic anhydride was heated at 100 for 25 minutes. The reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness and the residue partitioned between 225 ml. of ether and ml. of diluted ammonium hydroxide. The ether layer was washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (i)-2- methoxy-N-acetylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 187192/0.05 mm.

EXAMPLE 15 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-valerylmorphinan To 10.0 g. (0.039 mol) of (i)-2-methoxymorphinan, 9.4 g. of n-valeryl chloride was added dropwise at over 25 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirredd at this temperature for an additional 13 minutes and after cooling to room temperature, was partitioned between 400 ml. of chloroform and 200 ml. of dilute ammonium hydroxide. The chloroform layer was washed with 100 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (i)-2-methoxy-N-valerylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 215235/0.15 mm.

EXAMPLE 16 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan To a mixture of 15.0 g. (0.058 mol) of'(i)-2- methoxymorphinan, 40 ml. of triethylamine and ml. of methylene chloride was added dropwise over a period of 45 minutes, a solution of 10 g. of cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride in 50 ml. of methylene chloride. After the mixture had been refluxed for 15 hours, it was cooled to room temperature and washed successively with water, 2N hydrochloric acid, saturated sodium carbonate solution and water. After drying, the solvent was removed in vacuo to give crude (i)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan,

which on distillation had a b.p. of 190210l0.05 mm.

EXAM PLE 17 Preparation of (i) 2-methoxy-N-isobutyroylmorphinan A mixture of 10.0 g. (0.039 mol) of (i)-2- methoxymorphinan and 12.3 g. of isobutyric anhydride was heated at 100 for 25 minutes. The reaction mixture was evaporated to dryness and the residue partitioned between 200 ml. of ether and 50 ml. of diluted ammonium hydroxide. The ether layer was washed with 25 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (i)-2-meth0xy-N-isobutyroylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 180l8610.1 mm.

EXAMPLE 18 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxyN-cyclohexylcarbonylmorphinan To a solution of 10.1 g. (0.039 mol) of (i)-2- methoxymorphinan in 40 ml. of benzene was added dropwise at room temperature over minutes 1 1.5 g. of cyclohexane carbonyl chloride. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 2 hours, then cooled to room temperature. The solvent was removed in vacuo. The residue was partitioned between 250 ml. of chloroform and Azml. of dilute ammonium hydroxide. The chloroform layer was washed with 50 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (i)-2-methoxy-N- cyclohexylcarbonylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 222250/0.l5 mm.

EXAMPLE 19 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-phenylacetylmorphinan To a solution of 10.5 g. (0.041 mol) of (i)-2- methoxymorphinan in 40 ml. of benzene was added dropwise at room temperature for 5 minutes, 12.1 g. of phenylacetyl chloride. After refluxing for 2 hours, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and the solvent removed in vacuo. The residue was partitioned between 300 ml. of methylene chloride and 150 ml. of diluted ammonium hydroxide. the methylene chloride layer was washed with 50 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (:)-2- methoxy-N-phenylacetylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 235-260/0.1 mm.

EXAMPLE 20 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-ethylmorphinan To a suspension of 1.33 g. of lithium aluminum hydride in 50 ml. of anhydrous ether, was added dropwise a solution of 10.5 g. (0.035 mol) of (i)-2-methoxy-N- acetylmorphinan in 90 ml. of anhydrous ether. After the mixture had been refluxed for 8 hours, under nitrogen it was cooled to room temperature and 80 ml. of ethyl acetate followed by 35 ml. of water were added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried and filtered, and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo to give crude (i)-2-methoxy-N-ethylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 1752l0/0.35 mm.

(i-)-2-Methoxy-N-ethylmorphinan, 2.5 g. (0.0088 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after crystallization from 200 ml. of acetone gave (i)-2-methoxy-N-ethylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 270274.

EXAMPLE 2] Preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-pentylmorphinan To a suspension of 0.65 g. of lithium aluminum hydride in 45 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, was added over 10 minutes a solution of 5.8 g. (0.017 mol) of (i)-2-methoxy-N-valerylmorphinan in 45 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. After the mixture had been refluxed for 3 hours under nitrogen, it was cooled to room temperature and 50 ml. of ethyl acetate followed by 35 ml. of water were added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried and filtered, and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo to give crude (i)-2-methoxy-N- pentylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 210225/0.12 mm.

(i)-2-Methoxy-N-pentylmorphinan, 1.9 g. (0.058 mol), on treatment with hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate afforded the crude hydrobromide. Recrystallization from acetone-ether (2:1) gave pure (:t)-2-methoxy-N-pentylmorphinan hydrobromide, m.p. 237238.

EXAMPLE 22 Preparation of (i)-2methoxy-N-isobutylmorphinan To a suspension of 1.1 g. of lithium aluminum hydride in ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran, was added dropwise over 15 minutesa solution of 9.4 g. (0.028 mol) of (:t)-2-methoxy-N- isobutyroylmorphinan in ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. After the mixture had been refluxed for 2.7

hours under nitrogen it was cooled to room temperature and 65 ml. of ethyl acetate followed by 36 ml. of water were added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give crude (i)-2-methoxy-N-isobutylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 174-2l0/0.15 mm.

(:)-Z-Methoxy-N-isobutylmorphinan, 2.3 g. (0.0073 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride. Crystallization from acetone-ether (5:1) gave pure (i)-2-methoxy-N-isobutylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. l75177.

EXAMPLE 23 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan To a suspension of 2.3 g. of lithium aluminum hydride in 200 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise over a period of 2 hours, a solution of 19.0 g. (0.058 mol) of (i)-2-methoxy-N- cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan in ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. After the mixture had been refluxed under nitrogen for 7 hours, it was cooled to room temperature and ethyl acetate followed by water was added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to give crude (i)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, which on distillation. had a b.p. of 200/0.075

(i)-2-Methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, 12.6 g. (0.04 mol), on treatment with hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrobromide. Recrystallization from isopropanol gave pure (i-)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphirian hydrobromide, m.p. 248 (dec.).

EXAMPLE 24 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-cyclohexylmethylmorphinan To a suspension of 1.6 g. of lithium aluminum hydride in 100 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise 11.4 g. (0.031 mol) of (:t)-2-methoxy- N-cyclohexylcarbonylmorphinan in 100 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. After the mixture had been refluxed for 3 hours urfder nitrogen, it was cooled to room temperature and 50 ml. of ethyl acetate followed by 40 ml. of water were added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to give crude (i)-2-methoxy-N- cyclohexylmethylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 200-220/0.l5 mm.

(i)-2-Methoxy-Ncyclohexylmethylmorphinan, 2.0 g. (0.057 mol), on treatment with hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrobromide. Recrystallization from acetone-ether (1:1) gave pure (i)-2-methoxy-N -cyclohexylmethylmorphinan hydrobromide, m.p. 186-188.

EXAMPLE 25 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-phenethylmorphinan To a suspension of 1.54 g. lithium aluminum hydride in 70 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise at room temperature for minutes 15.2 g. (0.041 mol) of (i)-2methoxy-N- phenylacetylmorphinan in 100 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. After the mixture had been refluxed for 3 hours under nitrogen, it was cooled to room tempera ture and 65 ml. of ethyl acetate followed by 38 ml. of water were added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried, filtered, and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo to give crude (i)-2-methoxy-N-phenethylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 220-240/0.05 mm.

(:)-2-Methoxy-N-phenethylmorphinan, 2.0 g.

(0.0055 mol), on treatment with hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrobromide. Recrystallization from acetoneether (2:1) gave pure (i')-2-methoxy-N-phenethylmorphinan hydrobromide, m.p. 206208.

EXAMPLE 26 Preparation of (i)-2-hydroxy-N-ethylmorphinan A mixture of 7.0 g. (0.0245 mol) of (i)-2-methoxy-N-ethylmorphinan and 56.0 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled in an ice bath, and diluted with water. The mixture was made alkaline with conc. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (3 X 175 ml.). The extracts were washed with 50 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (i)-2-hydroxy-N-ethylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 2 00-220/0.2 mm; m.p.

(1')-2-l-lydroxy-N-ethylmorphinan, 6.4 g. (0.023 mol), on treatment with hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrobromide. Crystallization from 225 ml. of isopropanol gave pure (i)-2-hydroxy-Nethylmorphinan hydrobromide, m.p. 274-275.

EXAMPLE 27 Preparation of (i)-2-hydroxy-N-pentylmorphinan A mixture of 3.5 g. (0.011 mol) of (i)-2-methoxy-N- pentylmorphinan and 28.0 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled in an ice bath and diluted with water. The mixture was made alkaline with conc. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with 400 ml. of chloroform. The chloroform layer was washed with 50 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (i)-2- hydroxy-N-pentylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of -2l0/0.l2 mm.

(i)-2-Hydroxy-N-pentylmorphinan, 3.2 g. (0.01 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride. Crystallization from isopropanolether (1:1.5) gave pure (:t)-2-hydroxy-N-pentylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 250-251.

Example 28 Preparation of (i)-2-hydroxy-N-isobutylmorphinan A mixture of5.0 g. (0.016 mol) of (i)-2-methoxy-N- isobutylmorphinan and 42.0 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 27 minutes, colled in an ice bath and diluted with water. The mixture was made alkaline with conc. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with 500 ml. of chloroform. The chloroform layer was washed with 50 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave the crude (i)-2-hydroxy-N-isobutylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 245270/0.l mm.

(i)-2-1-lydroxy-N-isobutylmorphinan, 4.6 g. (0.015 mol), on treatment with hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate afforded the crude hydrobromide. Crystallization from acetone gave pure (:)-2- hydroxy-N-isobutylmorphinan hydrobromide hydrate, m.p. l67-l70.

EXAMPLE 29 Preparation of (i)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan A mixture of 5.5 g. (0.017 mol) of (i)-2-methoxy-N- cyclopropylmethylmorphinan and 18.0 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 216 with stirring under nitrogen for 16 minutes, cooled in an ice bath and diluted with 60 ml. of water. The mixture was made alkaline with conc. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (210 ml.). The chloroform layer was washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave the crude product which was crystallized from ethyl acetate to give (i)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, m.p. 188190.

(i)-2-Hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, 3.8 g. (0.012 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after crystallization from isopropanolethyl acetate, gave (i)-2-hydroxy-Ncyclopropylmethylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 255-257.

EXAMPLE 30 Preparation of (i)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclohexylmethylmorphinan A mixture of 7.3 g. (0.021 mol) of (i)-2-methoxy-N- cyclohexylmethylmorphinan and 62 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled in an ice bath and diluted with water. The mixture wasmade alkaline with diluted ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (500 ml.). The extract was washed with 50 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (:)-2- hydroxy-N-cyclohexylmethylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p..of 220-245/O.l5 mm.

(:L)-2-Hydroxy-N-cyclohexylmethylmorphinan, 6.8 g. (0.02 mol.), on treatment with hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in 75 ml. of ethyl acetate-methanol (3:1), afforded the crude hydrobromide. Recrystallization from methanol gave pure (i)-2-hydroxy-N- cyclohexylmethylmorphinan hydrobromide, m.p. 2l6217.

EXAMPLE 3] Preparation of (i)-2-hydroxy-N-phenethylmorphinan A mixture of 6.25 g. (0.017 mol) of (i)-2-methoxy- N-phenethylmorphinan and 55 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled in an ice bath and diluted with water. The mixture was made alkaline with diluted ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (600 ml.). The extract was washed with 50 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (i)-2- hydroxy-N-phenethylmorphinan, which after crystallization from ether had a m.p. of 192193.

(1')-2-Hydroxy-N-phenethylmorphinan, l 1.4 g. (0.033 mol) on treatment with hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in 200 ml. of ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrobromide. Recrystallization from 250 ml. of methanol gave pure (t)-2-hydroxy-N-phenethylmorphinan hydrobromide, m.p. 320(dec.).

EXAMPLE 32 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxymorphinan D-tartrate The combined mother liquors obtained in the preparation of (-)-2-methoxymorphinan l-tartrate as in Example 34 were concentrated to dryness. The residue in 300 ml. of water was decomposed with conc. ammonium hydroxide. The resulting suspension was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 X 200 ml.) and the combined extracts were dried and evaporated to give the crude (+)-base.

d-Tartaric acid, 37.0 g. (0.24 mol), was dissolved in 170 ml. of hot-methanol and combined with a hot solution of 60.7 g. (0.23 mole) of the crude (+)-base in 80 ml. of methanol. The solution was heated on a steambath for a few minutes, seeded with (+)-base salt and allowed to come to room temperature while stirring over a period of 5 hours. The crystals were then collected by filtration, washed with methanol and dried, thus affording the crude (+)-amine salt, m.p. 190-195, [04],, +23.l (c 1.00, H O); Recrystallization from methanol (600 ml.) gave pure (+)-2- methoxymorphinan d-tartrate, m.p. 201203, [011 +24.3 (c 1.01, H O).

EXAMPLE 33 Preparation of (+)-2-methoxymorphinan (+)-2-Methoxymorphinan d-tartrate, 19.2 g. (0.047 nol), in 100 ml. of water was decomposed by addition )f conc. ammonium hydroxide. The resulting suspen- ;ion was extracted with methylene chloride (500 ml.)

and the extract was dried and evaporated to give (+)-2- 24 methoxymorphinan, [01],, +24.5 (c 1.00 MeOH). A sample of this compound was distilled, b.p. 150l58/0.l mm, [0],; +20.26 (C 0.997, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 34 Resolution of (+)-2-methoxymorphinan l-Tartaric acid, 76.0 g. (0.51 mol), was dissolved in 520 ml. of hot methanol and added to a hot solution of g. (0.51 mole) of (i)-2-methoxymorphinan in ml. of methanol. The solution was heated on a steambath for a few minutes, seeded with the salt of the base and allowed to come to room temperature with stirring over a period of 16 hours. The crystals were then collected by filtration, washed with methanol and dried thus affording the crude ()-amine salt, m.p. l 83, [01],, l4.5 (c 0.96, H O). After three recrystallizations from methanol pure ()-2- methoxymorphinan l-tartrate was obtained, m.p. 200-202, [ct],, 24.6 (c 0.99, H O).

EXAMPLE 35 Preparation of ()-2-methoxymorphinan ()-2-Methoxymorphinan l-tartrate, 37.3 g. (0.09 mol), in 100 ml. of water was decomposed by addition of conc. ammonium hydroxide. The resulting suspension was extracted with ethyl acetate (3 X 350 ml.) and the combined extracts were dried. Removal of the solvent gave ()-2-methoxymorphinan, [11],, 23.8 (c 1.05, MeOH). A sample of this compound was distilled, b.p. 15816l/0.1 mm, [01],, 22.02 (c 0.98 MeOH).

EXAMPLE 36 Preparation of ()-2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan To 12.4 g. (0.048 mol) of ()-2-methoxymorphinan in 500 ml. of methanol was added 14 ml. of aqueous formaldehyde (37%). The reaction solution was allowed to stand at room temperature overnight. After the addition of 15 g. of Raney nickel and 500 ml. of methanol, the mixture was hydrogenated at atmospheric pressure at room temperature for 24 hours. The catalyst was removed by filtration, washed with methanol and the solvent evaporated in vacuo to give ()-2- methoxy-N-methylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of l70180/0.5 mm, [a],, -38.28 (c 9.992, MeOH).

(-)-2-Methoxy-N-methylmorphinan, 12.4 g. (0.046 mol), on treatment when hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, gave the crude hydrobromide. Recrystallization from acetone afforded pure (-)-2- methoxy-N-methylmorphinan hydrobromide, m.p. l94-l96, [011 20.2 (c 1.19, MeOH).

(3 X 300 ml.). The extracts were washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude ()-2- 'hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan, which after crystallization from ethyl acetate had a m.p. of 180l82, [01] 4O. 69 (C 1.15 MeOH).

((-)-2-1-llydroxy-N-methylmorphinan, 11.7 g. (0.045 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after recrystallization from isopropanol gave pure (-)-2-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan hydro chloride hydrate, m.p. l76177 (dec.), [04],, 24.15(c 0.989, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 38 Preparation of ()-2-hydroxymorphinan A mixture of 11.7 g. (0.044 mol) of ()-2- methoxymorphinan and 100 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, then cooled in an ice bath and diluted with 100 ml. of water. The mixture was made basic with cone. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloro form (880 ml.). The extract was washed with 150 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent afforded the crude phenol. Recrystallization from acetonitrile gave pure ()-2hydroxymorphinan,m.p. 209-2l 1, [011 27.89 (c 1.05, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 39 Preparation of ()-2-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan A mixture of 5.4 g. (0.022 mol) of ()-2- hydroxymorphinan, 3.2 g. of allylbromide, 3.8 g. of sodium bicarbonate and 55 ml. of dimethylformamide was stirred and refluxed under nitrogen for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filter cake washed with ethanol. The filtrate was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in 100 ml. of ether and filtered from a small amount of insoluble material.

The ether solution was extracted with 30 ml. of conc. hydrochloric acid in 120 ml. of water. Addition of cone. ammonium hydroxide to the aqueous phase gave a precipitate of which was removed by filtration. This was dissolved in methylene chloride and dried. Removal of the solvent in vacuo gave ()-2-hydroxy-N- allylmorphinan, which after recrystallization from benzene-hexane had a m.p. of 154-l 56, [01],, 6 1 .86 (c 1.041, MeOH).

()-2'Hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan, 3.1 g. (0.011 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after crystallization from ethanol gave pure ()-2-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan hydrochloride hemiethanolate, m.p. 224-226, [011 40.1 (c 1.06, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 40 Preparation of ()-2-hydroxy-N-dimethylallylmorphinan A mixture of 3.7 g. (0.015 mol) of ()-2- hydroxymorphinan, 1.9 g. of sodium bicarbonate, 2.4 g. of dimethylallyl bromide and 48 ml. of dimethylformamide was heated at reflux with stirring under nitrogen for 4.5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filter cake washed with ethanol. The filtrate was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ether and filtered from a small amount of insoluble material. The ether solution was extracted with 25 ml.

of 2.5N hydrochloric acid. Addition of cone. ammonium hydroxide to the aqueous phase gave a precipitate which was removed by filtration to give ()-2hydroxy- N-dimethylallylmorphinan, which on distillation had a 26 b.p. of 205-2l0/0.05 mm.', [11],, 71.1 (c 0.501, MeOH).

()-2-1-lydroxy-N-dimethylallylmorphinan, 4.4 g. (0.014 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl actate, afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after crystallization from isopropanol gave 2hydroxy-N-dimethylallylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 233236, [01],, 50.3 (c 0.625, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 41 Preparation of ()-2methoxy-N-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan To a solution of 23.0 g. (0.09 mol) of ()-2- methoxymorphinan. 7.0 ml. of pyridine and 150 ml. of methylene chloride was added 14.0 g. of cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride in 50 ml. of methylene chloride dropwise over a period of 45 minutes. After the mixture had been refluxed for 15 hours, it was cooled to room temperature and washed successively with water, 2N hydrochloric acid, saturated sodium carbonate solution and water. After drying, the solvent was removed in vacuo to give ()-2-methoxy-N- cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 200205/0.8 mm, [01],, 128 (c 0.74, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 42 Preparation of (-)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan To a suspension of 3.7 g. of lithium aluminum hy dride in 350 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise over a period of 30 minutes, 27.0 g. (0.083 mol) of ()-2-meth0xy-N-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan in 150 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. After the mixture had been refluxed under nitrogen for 1.5 hours, it was cooled to room temperature, and ethyl acetate followed by water were added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to give crude ()-2-methoxy-N- cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of l60170/0.l mm, [0:1 54.6 (c 2.46. MeOH).

EXAMPLE 43 Preparation of ()-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan ()-2-Methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, 24.0 g. (0.077 mol) was divided into three equal portions, each portion was heated at 220 with 50 g. of pyridine hydrochloride with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled in an ice bath and diluted with 50 ml. of water. Then the aqueous suspensions from the three runs were combined, made alkaline with cone. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (1000 ml.). The chloroform layer was washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude ()-2- hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, which after crystallization from ether had a m.p. of -9l, [01],, -62.76 (c 1.04, MeOH).

()-2Hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, 19.6 g. (0.066 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride. Two recrystallizations from isopropanol gave pure ()-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 262264 (dec.), [M

' -46.7 (c 1.17, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 44 Preparation of ()-2-acetoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan A mixture of 2.19 g. (0.007 mol) of ()-2-hydroxy- N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan and 20 ml. of acetic anhydride was heated at reflux for 4 hours. The excess reagent was removed in vacuo and the residue was partitioned between ether and dilute ammonium hydroxide. The ether phase was washed with water, dried and l EXAMPLE 45 Preparation of (+)-2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan To a solution of 12.1 g. (0.047 mol) of (+)-2- methoxymorphinan in 500 ml. of methanol was added 14 ml. of aqueous formaldehyde (37%). The reaction solution was allowed to stand at room temperature overnight. After addition of 15.0 g. of Raney nickel and 500 ml. of methanol, the mixture was stirred under hydrogen at atmospheric pressure at room temperature for 24 hours. The catalyst was removed by filtration, washed with methanol and the solvent evaporated in vacuo to give (+)-2-methoxy-Nmethylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 160165/0.l mm, [01],, 37.93 (c 1.02, MeOH).

(+)-2-Methoxy-N-methylmorphinan, 11.0 g. (0.04 mol), on treatment with hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in ether, afforded the crude hydrobromide which. after recrystallization from acetone, gave pure (+)-2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan hydrobromide, m.p. 192194, [M +20.59 (c 1.00, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 46 Preparation of (+)-2-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan A mixture of 11.9 g. (0.044 mol) of (+)-2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan and 100 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes then cooled in an ice bath, and diluted with 100 ml. of water. The mixture was made alkaline with cone. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (900 ml.). The extract was washed with water and dried. REmoval of the solvent gave crude (+)-2-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan, which after crystallization from ether, had a m.p. of l81-183, [01],, +41.4 (c 0.45, MeOH).

(+)-2-Hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan, 11.0 g. (0.04 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after crystallization from ethanol, gave pure (+)-2-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan hydrochloride hydrate, m.p. 175-l78, [01],, +24.0 (c 1.39, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 47 Preparation of (+)-2-hydroxymorphinan A mixture of 11.7 g. (0.045 mol) of (+)-2- methoxymorphinan and 100 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled to room temperature and diluted with 100 ml. of water. The mixture was made basic with conc. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (800 ml.). The extract was washed with 150 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent afforded the crude phenol. Crystallization from acetonitrile gave 0 pure (+)-2-hydroxymorphinan, m.p. 209-21 1, [01],,

+26.4l (c 1.07. MeOH).

EXAMPLE 48 Preparation of (+)-2-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan A mixture of 6.7 g. (0.027 mol) of (+)-2- hydroxymorphinan, 4.0 g. of allylbromide, 4.8 g. of sodium bicarbonate and ml. of dimethylformamide was stirred and refluxed under nitrogen for 4 hours.

The reaction mixture was filtered and the filter cakewashed with ethanol. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ml. of ether and filtered from a small amount of insoluble material.

The ether solution was extracted with 30 ml. of cone. hydrochloric acid in ml. of water. Addition of conc. ammonium hydroxide to the aqueous phase gave a precipitate which was removed by filtration. This was dissolved in methylene chloride and dried. Removal of the solvent gave (+)-2-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan, which after recrystallization from benzene-hexane had a m.p. of l55157, [01],, +63.l3 (c 1.06 MeOH).

(+)-2-Hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan, 5.5 g. (0.019 mol) on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride which after crystallization from ethanol gave pure (+)-2-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan hydrochloride hemiethanolate, m.p. 224226, [01],, +40.9 (c 1.20, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 49 Preparation of (+)-2-hydroxy-N-dimethylallylmorphinan A mixture of 1.00 g. (0.004 mol) of (+)-2- hydroxymorphinan, 0.505 g. of sodium bicarbonate, 0.640 g. of dimethylallyl bromide and 12 ml. of dimethylformamide were heated at reflux with stirring under nitrogen for 4.5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filter cake washed with ethanol. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in ether and filtered from a small amount of ether-insoluble material. The ether solution was .extracted with 25 ml. of 2.5N hydrochloric acid. Addition of conc. ammonium hydroxide to the aqueous phase gave a precipitate which was removed by filtration to give crude (+)-2-hydroxy-N-dimethylallylmorphinan,

hydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydro chloride which after crystallization from acetone, gave.

pure (+)-2-hydroxy-N-dimethylallylmorphinan hydrochloride,'m.p. 230232, [11],, +49.78 (c 1.94,

MeOH).

EXAMPLE 50 Preparation of (+)-2-methoxy-l l-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan To a solution of 19.8 g (0.077 mol) of (+)-2- methoxymorphinan in 140 ml. of methylene chloride and 6.05 g. of triethylamine was added dropwise over a period of 45 minutes, 12.1 g. cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride in 40 ml. of methylene chloride. After the mixture had been refluxed for 18 hours under nitrogen, it was cooled to room temperatureand washed successively with 100 ml. of water, 100 ml. of 2N hydrochloric acid, 100 ml. of saturated sodium carbonate solution and 100 ml. of water. After drying, the solvent was removed in vacuo to give crude (+)-2methoxy-N- cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of215 220/0.25 mm, [a] -l-152 (c 1.34 MeOH).

EXAMPLE 51 Preparation of (+)-2-methoxy-Ncyclopropylmethylmorphinan To a suspension of 3.3 g. of lithium aluminum hydride in 300 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise over a period of 30 minutes, 23.6 g. (0.07 mol) of (+)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan in 130 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. After the mixture had been refluxed for 1.5 hours under nitrogen, it was cooled to room temperature and 100 ml. of ethyl acetate followed by 25 ml. of water were added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to give crude (+)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of l85l95/0.3 mm, [011 +595 (c 0.85, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 52 Preparation of (+)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (+)-Z-Methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, 20.6 g. (0.065 mol) was divided into three equal portions, each portion was heated with 50 g. of pyridine hydrochloride at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled in an ice bath and diluted with 50 ml. of water. The aqueous suspensions (from the three portions) were combined, made basic with cone. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (1500 ml.) and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (+)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, which after crystallization from ether, had a m.p. of 84-90, [(11 +63.6 (c 0.705, MeOH).

(+)-2-Hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, 18.0 g. (0.06 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride which, after crystallization from isopropanol, gave pure (+)-2-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 262264, [041 +47.9 (c 0.94, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of (+)-2-acetoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan A mixture of 2.9 g. (0.0097 mol) of (+)-2-hydroxy- N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan and 20 ml. of acetic anhydride was heated at reflux for 3 hours. The excess reagent was removed in vacuo and the residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and aqueous sodium carbonate. The ethyl acetate phase was washed with 50 ml. of 2N NaOH, ml. of water, dried and concentrated to give crude (+)-2-acetoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, which on distillation had a b.p. of 190/0.2 mm, [01],, +59.2l (c 0.86 MeOH) (+)-2-Acetoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan. 1.7 g (0.005 mol), in ether was treated with a solution of 0.6 g. of oxalic acid in ether to give the crude oxalate. which on crystallization from acetone-ether, afforded pure (+)-2 acetoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan oxalate acetone, m.p. 100104, [ct],, +41.87 (c 1.06, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 54 Preparation of (i)-2- and (i)-4-methoxymorphinan A crude mixture of (1:1) of 131 g. (0.46 mol) of (i)-2- and (i)-4-methoxy-N-formylmorphinan dissolved in 3 L. of ethanol (28) and 3 L. of 2.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide was heated at reflux for 15 hours, then the ethanol was removed in vacuo and the resulting aqueous suspension extracted with methylene chloride. Removal of the solvent in vacuo yielded in a residue. This was dissolved in ethyl acetate and extracted with 2N hydrochloric acid. The aqueous solution was made basic with aqueous sodium hydroxide and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract was washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (i)-2- and (i)-4-methoxymorphinan.

EXAMPLE 55 Preparation of (i)-2- and (i)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan A crude mixture of 75.7 g (0.20 mol) of (i)-2- and (i)-4-methoxymorphinan in 800 ml. of methanol and 86 ml. of aqueous formaldehyde (37%) was allowed to stand at room temperature for 15 hours. After addition of 85.0 g. of Raney nickel and 2.2 L. of methanol, the mixture was hydrogenated at atmospheric pressure at room temperature for 20 hours. The catalyst was removed by filtration and washed with methanol. The solvent evaporated in vacuo 'to give crude (i)-2- and (2t)- 4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan.

EXAMPLE 56 Preparation of (i-)-2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan salicylate A mixture of (1:1) of 74.3 g. (0.27 mol) of (i)-2- and (i)-4-methoxyN-methylmorphinan and 42.0g. of salicylic acid in 200 ml. of ethyl acetate was heated until solution occurred, then was seeded with (iJ-2- methoxy-N-methylmorphinan salicylate and allowed to crystallize. The crystals were then collected by filtration, washed with ethyl acetate and dried, thus affording crude (i)-2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan salicylate, which after recrystallization from ethyl acetate has a m.p. of 187189.

EXAMPLE 57 Preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan (i-)-2-Methoxy-Nmethylmorphinan salicylate, 47.5 g. (0.12 mol), in water was decomposed with cone. am monium hydroxide. The resulting suspension was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined extracts were dried. Removal of the solvent in vacuo gave (t)- 2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan.

EXAMPLE 58 Preparation of (t)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan salicylate The mother liquor obtained in the preparation of (i)-2-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan salicylate was concentrated to a volume of about 75 ml. then seeded with (i)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan salicylate and allowed to crystallize. The crystals were then collected by filtration, washed with ethyl acetate and dried, thus affording crude (i)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan salicylate, which after recrystallization from ethyl ace tate has a m.p. of 154l55.

EXAMPLE 59 Preparation of (i)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan (i)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan salicylate, 1.5 g. (0.0037 mol), in 20 ml. of water was decomposed by addition of cone. ammonium hydroxide. The resulting suspension was extracted with ether (3 X 25 ml.) and the combined extracts were washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave the crude product, which was distilled, b.p. 175180/0.1 mm, then recrystallized from ether, m.p. 80-81, to give pure (t)- 4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan.

(1')-4-Methoxy-N-methylmorphinan, 1.2 g. (0.0044 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride. Recrystallization from isopropanol gave pure (3:)- 4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 24024l.

EXAMPLE 60 Preparation of (i)-4-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan A mixture of 5.0 g. (0.02 mol) of (i)-4-methoxy-N- methylmorphinan and 42 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, then cooled in an ice bath and diluted with 50 ml. of water. The mixture was partitioned between 300 ml. of dilute ammonium hydroxide and 450 ml. of ether. The ether layer was dried and removal of the solvent gave crude (:)-4-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan, which after recrystallization from ethyl acetate had a m.p. of 218220.

(i)-4-Hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan, 3.0 g. (0.012 mol), on treatment with hydrogen bromide (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrobromide which after recrystallization from isopropanol gave pure (i)-4-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan hydrobromide, m.p. 265 (dec.).

EXAMPLE 61 Resolution of (i)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan toluoyl)-1-tartrate, m.p. l67-168, 11 +83.2 (c

0.515, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 62 Preparation of (-)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan EXAMPLE 63 Preparation of (+)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan di-( p-toluoyl )-d-tartrate The combined mother liquors obtained in the preparation of ()-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinn di-(ptoluoyl)-1-tartrate were concentrated to dryness. The residue in water was decomposed with conc. ammonium hydroxide. The resulting suspension was extracted with ether and the combined extracts were dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (+)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan. The crude (+)-4-methoxh-N-methylmorphinan, 9.2 g. (0.034

mol), 13.0 g. (0.034 mol) of di-(p-toluoyl)-d-tartaric acid and ml. of ethanol was heated until solution occurred, then was allowed to stand at room temperature for 15 hours. The crystals were then collected by filtration, washed with ethanol and dried, thus affording the crude (+)-amine salt. Recrystallization from ethanol gave pure (+)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan di-(p-toluoyl)-d-tartrate, m.p. 167168, [01],, 80.78 (c 0.519, MeOH). EXAMPLE 64 Preparation of (+)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan (+)-4-Methoxy-N-methylmorphinan di-(p-toluoyl)- d-tartrate, 26.4 g. (0.04 mol), in water was decomposed by addition of conc. ammonium hydroxide. The

resulting suspension was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined extracts were dried. Removal of the solvent gave (+)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan, [01],, +l5.7. (c 1.11, MeOH), which after crystallization from hexane had a m.p. of 98-100, [011 +l6.58 (c 1.04, MeOH).

(+)-4-Methoxy-N-methylmorphinan, 3.9 g. (0.014 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride. Recrystallization from ethyl acetate gave pure 4-methoxy'N-methymorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 204206, [04],, +8.78 (c 0.934, 11 0).

EXAMPLE 65 Preparation of ()-4-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan A mixture of 1.8 g. (0.0066 mol) of -4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan and 20.0 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes then cooled in an ice bath and diluted with 20 ml. of water. The mixture was made basic with conc. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (100 ml.). The extract was washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude ()-4-hydroxy-N'methylmorphinan, which after recrystallization from ether, had a m.p. of 216-2l7, [at],, 34.99 (c 1.07, MeOH).

()4-Hydroxy-Nmcthylmorphinan, 1.70 g. (0.0063 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anyhdrous) in 15 ml. of ethyl acetate afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after recrystallization from ethanol, gave ()-4-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 303305, [01],, l7.94 (c 0.958, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 66 Preparation of ()-4-methoxy-Ncyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan To a solution of 11.2 g. (0.041 mol) of ()-4- methoxy-Nmethylmorphinan in 95 ml. of dry toluene, 21.6 g. of cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride in 35 ml. of dry toluene was added dropwise at 5 for 1 hour. The mixture was returned to warm to room temperature and was then refluxed for 15 hours. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue partitioned between ether and 3N hydrochloric acid. The ether layer was washed successively with water, dilute ammonium hydroxide and water and dried. Removal of the solvent afforded the crude product. Recrystallization from ether gave pure ()-4-methoxy-Ncycloopropylcarbonylmorphinan, m.p. l26l28, [04],, 176.31 (c 1.071, MeOll-l).

EXAMPLE 67 Preparation of ()4-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan To a suspension of 1.0 g. of lithium aluminum hydride in 85 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise 7.2 g. (0.022 mol) of (-)-4-methoxy- N'cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan in 35 ml. of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran. After the mixture had been reluxed under nitrogen for 3 hours, it was cooled to room temperature and ethyl acetate followed by water and added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to give crude (-)-4-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, which after recrystallization from ethyl acetate had a m.p. of 82-84, [M 54.97 (c 1.00, MeOH).

(-)-4-Methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, 0.3 g. (0.001 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after two recrystallizations from isopropanol, gave pure ()-4-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 270 272, [04 3529" (c 1.00,MeO1-1).

EXAMPLE 68 Preparation of (-)4-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan A mixture of 6.0 g. (0.02 mole) of ()-4-methoxy-N- cyclopropylmethylmorphinan and 50 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled in an ice bath and diluted with 50 ml. of water. The mixture was made basic with conc. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (500 ml.). The extract was washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude ()-4- hydroxy-N'cycIopropylmethylmorphinan, which after recrystallization from ether had a m.p. of 169171, [011 -70.03 (c. 1.01, MeOH).

)-4 Hydroxy-Ncyclopropylmethylmorphinan, 3.4 g. (0.011 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydro chloride, which after recrystallization from isopropanol, had a m.p. of 27l-273, [M 51.57 (c 0.99, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 69 Preparation of (+)-4-hydroxy-Nmethylmorphinan A mixture of 1.79 g. (0.0066 mol) of (+)-4-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan and 20.0 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled in an ice bath and diluted with 20 ml. of water. The mixture was made basic with conc. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform. The extract was washed with 20 ml. of water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (+)-4-hydroxyN-methylmorphinan, which after recrystallization from ether gave pure (+)-4-hydroxy-N- methylmorphinan, m.p. 218219, [01],, +3386, (c 1.01, MeOH).

(+)-4-Hydroxy-Nmethylmorphinan, 1.39 g. (0.0054 mol). on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in 15 ml. of ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after crystallization from ethanol, gave pure (+)-4-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 300-302, [04],, +18.08 (c 1.01, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 70 Preparation of (+)-4-methoxy-Ncyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan To a solution of 11.1 g. (0.041 mol) of (+)-4- methoxy-N-methylm orphinan in ml. of dry toluene, 21.6 g. of cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride in 35 ml. of drytoluene was added dropwise at 5 for 1 hour. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and was then refluxed for 15 hours. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue partitioned between ether and 3N hydrochloric acid The ether layer was washed successively with water, dilute ammonium hydroxide and water and dried. Removal of the solvent afforded crude (+)4-methoxy-Ncyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan, which after recrystallization from ether gave pure (+)4-methoxy-N-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan, m.p. l26l28, [011 +l.77.06 MeOH).

EXAMPLE 71 Preparation of (+)-4-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan (+)-4-Methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, 0.3 g. (0.001 mol), on treatment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate. afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after two recrustallizations from isopropanol, gave pure (+)-4-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 270-272, [01],, +37.75 (c 1.00, MeOH).

EXAMPLE 72 Preparation of )-4-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan A mixture of 5.8 g. (0.019 mol)of +)-4-methoxy-N- cyclopropy]methylmorphinan and 50 g. of pyridine hydrochloride was heated at 220 with stirring under nitrogen for 25 minutes, cooled in an ice bath and diluted with 50 ml. of water. The mixture was made basic with cone. ammonium hydroxide and extracted with chloroform (500 ml.). The extract was washed with water and dried. Removal of the solvent gave crude (+)-4- hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, which after recrystallization from ether had a m.p. of 169171, [oz],, +68.7 (c 0.73, MeOH).

(+)-4-Hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan, 5.0 g. (0.02 mol), on tratment with hydrogen chloride (anhydrous) in ethyl acetate, afforded the crude hydrochloride, which after recrystallization from isorpopanol gave pure (+)-4-hydroxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan hydrochloride, m.p. 27l-273, [11],, +51.9l (c 1.04. MeOH).

EXAMPLE 73 Resolution of (i)- 1 m-methoxybenzyl )-l ,2,3 ,4,5,6,7,8- octahydroisoquinoline A solution of 158.0 g. (0.615 mol) of (:)-l-(mmethoxybenzyl )-l ,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroisoquinoline in 400 ml. of hot ethanol (28) was added to a refluxing solution of 95.5 g. (0.637 mol) of d-tartaric acid in 950 ml. of ethanol (2B). The resulting solution was seeded with a few milligrams of ()-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)- l,2.3,4.5,6,7,8-octahydroisoquinoline d-tartrate and allowed to cool to room temperature with stirring for 15 hours. The crystals were then collected by filtration, washed with ethanol, and dried at 60 over a period of hours under reduced pressure, thus affording 239.0 g. of crude ()-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)-l,2,3.4,5,6,7,8- octahydroisoquinoline d-tartrate, m.p. 170172. For recrystallization, this compound was dissolved in 2500 ml. of refluxing methanol and then 1900 ml. of the solvent was distilled off at atmospheric pressure. The concentrated solution was seeded as above with the same ()-base d-tartrate and stirred at room temperature for hours. The crude ()-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)- l.2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroisoquinoline d-tartrate after separation and drying amounted to 182.0 g., m.p.

176177. A third recrystallization using the same conditions as above afforded 127.0 g. of material, m.p. 186l 88. A fourth and final recrystallization (the same conditions as above) yielded 106.0 g. of pure l-(m-methoxybenzyl )-1 ,2,3 ,4,5,6,7.8- octahydroisoquinoline d-tartrate, m.p. 191 -193.

EXAMPLE 74 Conversion of ()-l-(m-methoxybenzyU-l,2.3,4.5.6.7.8- octahydroisoquinoline d-tartrate to the free base 511.5 G. (1.25 mol) of )-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)- l,2.3,4,5.6,7,8-octahydroisoquinoline d-tartrate was suspended in l l. of water and 500 ml. of concentrated ammonium hydroxide was added. The resulting suspension was extracted with a total of 2.1 l. of ether. The ether extracts were dried (MgSO and removal of the solvent gave 315.5 g. methoxybenzyl)-l,2.3.4.5,6,7.8- octahydroisoquinoline. For analysis a sample of this compound was distilled, b.p. l54l58/0.3 mm.

EXAMPLE 75 Preparation of (+)-1-(m-methoxybenzyl)-l,2,3,4.5.6,7,8- octahydroisoquinoline l-tartrate The filtrates obtained in the preparation of ()-base d-tartrate in Example 73 were concentrated to dryness and the residue was treated with 200 ml. of concentrated ammonium hydroxide and 600 ml. of water. The resulting suspension was extracted with ether (3 X 1 l.). The combined ether solutions were dried and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude )-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8- octahydroisoquinoline, 89.0 g. (0.346 mol), in 200 ml. of hot ethanol (28) was combined with a reflusing solution of 53.8 g. (0.354 mol) of l-tartaric acid in 530 ml. of ethanol (23). The resulting solution was seeded with a few milligrams of (+)-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)- 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroisoquinoline l-tartrate and stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The crystals were then collected by filtration, washed with ethanol and dried at 60 over a period of 5 hours under reduced pressure thus affording 129.4 g. of crude (+)-base 1- tartrate, m.p. 184- 186. This compound was recrystallized, as previously described for the ()-base dtartrate in Example 73 from 3 1. of methanol concentrated to l l. Stirring overnight at room temperature and filtering the crystals gave 112.0 g. of pure (+)-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)-l,2,3,4.5,6,7,8- octahydroisoquinoline l-tartrate, m.p. l89-l91.

EXAMPLE 76 Conversion of (+)-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)-l,2,3,4,5,6,7,8- octahydroisoquinoline l-tartrate to the free base 378.5 O. (0.93 mol) of (+)-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)- 1,2,3.4,5,6,7,8-octahydroisoquinoline l-tartrate was suspended in l l. of water and 300 ml. of cone. ammonium hydroxide was added. The resulting suspension was extracted with a total of 3 l. of ether. The ether extracts were dried (MgSO and removal of the solvent gave 236.9 g. of crude (+)-l-(m-methoxybenzyl)- l,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroisoquinoline. For analysis a sample of this compound was distilled, b.p l56l60/0.3 mm.

EXAMPLE 77 Formylation of l m-methoxybenzyl )-l ,2,3 ,4,5 ,6,7,8-

octahydroisoquinoline A mixture of 236.5 g. (0.92 mol) of (+)-l-(m- (98%) of crude ()-1-(m- I EXAMPLE 78 Acid catalyzed cyclization of ()-1-(m-methoxybenzyl)-N-formyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-

' octahydroisoquinoline ()-1-(m-Methoxybenzyl)-N-formyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-

octahydroisoquinoline, 131.0 g. (0.46 mol) was com- I bined under stirring with 1000 g. of phosphoric acid 99.3% which had been mixed with 20 g. of coh ehf trated sulfuric acid and the mixture was heated in a nitrogen atmosphere to 70. The resulting homogeneous solution was kept at 70 for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled and poured onto 1.5 l. of a mixture of ice and water. The resulting suspension was extracted with ethyl acetate (a total of 4 1.), the combined organic phases were washed with water (2 X 1 1.) and dried MgSO Filtration and concentration gave 1 1 1.3 g. of a mixture of crude (-)'-2- and ()-4-methoxy-N formylmorphinan.

EXAMPLE 79 Hydrolysis of ()-2- and (-)-4-methoxy-N-formylmorphinan A crude mixture of 111.0 g. (0.389 mol) of 2-and ()-4-methoxy-N-formylmorphinan dissolved in 2.5 1. of ethanol (2B) and 1.0 l. of 2.5N aqueous sodium hydroxide was heated at reflux for 22 hours, then the ethanol was removed in vacuo. To the resulting aqueous suspension, 500 ml. of water was added and I extracted with methylene chloride (a total of 3 1.). The" methylene chloride solution was washed with water 1 l.) and dried (MgSO Removal of the solvent gave 951 g. of a mixture of crude ()-2- and (-)-4- methoxymorphinan.

EXAMPLE 8O Separation of ()-2-methoxymorphinan phosphate A mixture of 94.5 g. (0.368 mol) of()-2- and ()-4- methoxymorphinan was dissolved in 700 ml. .of 2- propanol. The stirred solution was heated gently onthe steam bath with dropwise addition, during 1 hour, a solution of 29 m1. of concentrated phosphoric acid (85%.) in 180 ml. of 2-propanol. After the addition wascomplete, the mixture was stirred for an additional 10 minutes and the product was collected by filtration, washed with 2-propanol (2 X 100 ml.) then with ether (2 X 100 ml.) anddried at 60 over a period of 15 hours under reduced pressure,- thus affording 110.9 g. of crude ()-2-methoxymorphinan phosphate. The crude phosphatesalt 61.4 g. (0.173 mol) was dissolved 'n4 1. of

refluxing methanol and 2.6 l. of the. solvent was distilled off at atmospheric pressureThe mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours, then the crude ()-2- methoxymorphinan phosphate was separated by filtration and washed with methanol ml.), then with ether (2 X. 100 ml.) and dried thus affording 36.0 g. of pure -2-methoxymorphinan phosphate, m.p. 242245.

The mother liquors from the recrystallization were concentrated to about 75 ml. and allowed to stand at room temperature for 15 hours. The solids were collected by filtration, washed with methanol and dried giving 8.1 g. of crude ()-2-methoxymorphinan phosphate which is 84% pure by gas chromatography and was used for the next recrystallization. The mother liquors after 'removal of the )-2-methoxymorphinan were saved for the isolation of the ()-4- methoxymorphinan.

EXAMPLE 8] Conversion of ()-2-methoxymorphinan phosphate to ()-2-methoxymorphirian ()-2-Methoxymorphinan phosphate, 91.0 g. (0.256 mol) in 400 ml. of water was decomposed with 75 ml. of concentrated ammonium hydroxide. The resulting suspension was extracted with ethyl acetate (a total of 3 l.) and the combined extracts were washed with water (2 X 200 ml.) and dried (MgSO Removal of the solvent in vacuo gave 62.0 g. of crude )-2- methoxymorphinan. A sample of ()-2- methoxymorphinan was distilled, b.p. 158l61/0.1

EXAMPLE 82 Preparation of ()-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan To a solution of 62.0 g. (0.241 mol) of ()-2-. methoxymorphinan, 50.5 g. of triethylamine, and 350 ml. of methylene chloride was added 37.6 g. (0.36 mol) of cyclopropane carboxylic acid chloride in 200 ml. of

methylene chloride dropwise over a period of20 minutes. After the mixture had been refluxed for l5 hours, I

it was cooled to room temperature and washed successively with 2N hydrochloric acid (200 ml.), water (400 ml.), saturated aqueous sodium carbonate (200 ml.), and water (400 ml.) After drying (MgSO the solvent was removed in vacuo to give 77.1 g. of crude ()-2- methoxy-N-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan. A sample was distilled, b.p. 2 0O205/O.8 mm.

EXAMPLE 83 Reduction of )-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan A solution of 77.0 g. (0.236 mol) of (-)-2-methoxy- N-cyclopropylcarbonylmorphinan in 190 ml. of. dry benzene (dried over sodium) was added dropwise over a period of 1 hour with stirring to a solutionfof 9615 m1. of 70% sodium bis-(2-methoxyethoxy) aluminumhydride in 190 ml. of dry benzene at room temperature.

During the course of the addition, the reaction temper ature rose to 70, but cooling was not necessary. After the mixture had been stirred at room temperature for 3 hours after nitrogen, it was cooled in an ice-water bath, and 50 ml. of saturated sodium chloride solution was added dropwise. The resulting suspension was dried (MgSO.,), filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to give 71.9 g. of crude ()-2-methoxy-N- cyclopropylmethylmorphinan. A sample was distilled, b.p. 160-170/O.1 mm. 

1. A COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA
 2. The compound of claim 1 which is ( + or - ) -2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan.
 3. The compound of claim 1 which is (+)-2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan.
 4. The compound of claim 1 which is (-) -2-methoxy-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan. 